Age-Dependent Parameters of the Von Bertalanffy (1938) Growth Model: A Case Study of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) along the Central Algerian Coast (Southeastern Mediterranean Sea)

Ryma Azaoui; Mohamed Toumi; Rachid Amara

doi:10.51745/najfnr.10.21.223-233

Age-Dependent Parameters of the Von Bertalanffy (1938) Growth Model: A Case Study of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) along the Central Algerian Coast (Southeastern Mediterranean Sea)

PDF (Full Text)

Food Chemistry, Engineering, Processing and Packaging

DOI https://doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.10.21.223-233

Issue Vol. 10 No. 21 (2026): January - June, 2026

Submitted 2025-07-13

Accepted 2026-06-03

Published 2026-06-16

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Background: Small pelagic teleosts, notably the round sardinella (Sardinella aurita), constitute a fundamental component of marine ecosystem structure and reinforce regional food security. Nevertheless, the long-term sustainability of these stocks is increasingly threatened and compromised by synergistic pressures of intensive fishing exploitation and fluctuating environmental factors.

Aims: This study aimed to introduce a modified growth model for short-lived pelagic fish that integrates age-dependent variability with the objective of refining biomass estimates and optimizing stock assessment protocols.

Methods: Monthly biological sampling was conducted from January to December 2023 along the central Algerian coast, yielding a total of 1,128 specimens. Two distinct growth formulations were evaluated: the conventional von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF), which assumes a constant growth coefficient K, and an age-dependent approach in which the parameters (K_n, L∞_n) were estimated independently for each identified age cohort.

Results: Comparative analysis revealed two distinct growth scenarios. The conventional VBGF scenario, characterized by slow growth (K = 0.31 year^-1, L∞ = 30.90 cm), projected a maximum lifespan (T_max) of 10 years. Conversely, the age-structured model (K_n) exhibited rapid early growth (K₁ = 2.27 year^-1) that progressively decelerated to 0.46 year^-1 by age five, projecting a maximum lifespan of 7 years — although only five age classes were resolved from the sampled population, likely attributable to intense fishing pressure. Asymptotic lengths (L∞_n) ranged from 9.35 cm at age one to 25.10 cm at age five. The growth performance index (Φ′) varied from 2.29 to 2.50 across age classes, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 4%. Total mortality (Z) was estimated at 3.97 year^-1. Under the age-structured scenario, natural mortality (M) decreased with age, from 1.10 year^-1 at age one to 0.43 year^-1 at age five, in contrast to a static baseline M 0.39 year^-1across all cohorts; meanwhile, fishing mortality (F) increased with age, from 2.87 year^-1 at age one to 3.54 year^-1 at age five, compared to a constant F of 3.58 year^-1.

Conclusions: The age-dependent model (K_n) offers a more robust and biologically realistic depiction of the growth and life-history dynamics of S. aurita, thereby supporting sustainable management practices that account for rapid early growth and reproductive energy allocation. This data-parsimonious mathematical framework offers a highly practical alternative for stock assessments in data-limited fisheries, particularly where complex bioenergetic modeling is logistically unfeasible.

Keywords

Pelagic Species Age Structure Growth Coefficient Bioenergetics Food Security Mediterranean Sea

Ryma Azaoui

University of Algiers 1, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Living Resources of Economic Interest in Algeria (REVIECO), 2 Didouche Mourad Street, Algiers
Mohamed Toumi

University of Algiers 1, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Living Resources of Economic Interest in Algeria (REVIECO), 2 Didouche Mourad Street, Algiers
Rachid Amara

Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, CNRS, IRD, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187, LOG – Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, Wimereux, F-62930, France

How to Cite

Azaoui, R., Toumi, M., & Amara, R. (2026). Age-Dependent Parameters of the Von Bertalanffy (1938) Growth Model: A Case Study of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) along the Central Algerian Coast (Southeastern Mediterranean Sea). The North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 10(21), 223-233. https://doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.10.21.223-233

More Citation Formats

Download Citation

Amponsah, S. K. K., Ofori-Danson, P. K., Nunoo, F. K. E., & Ameyaw, G. A. (2017). Population dynamics of Sardinella aurita (Val., 1847) within Ghana's coastal waters. Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries, 4(3), 237–248. https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v4i3.35103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v4i3.35103

Ananiades, C. I. (1952). Quelques considérations biométriques sur l'allache (Sardinella aurita C.V.) des eaux grecques. Praktika Hell. Hydrobiologie Institut, 5(1), 5–45.

Baali, A., Belhsen, O. K., Ouazzani, K. C., Amenzoui, K., & Yahyaoui, A. (2021). Age, growth and ovarian histology of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) in the south of Atlantic Moroccan coast. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 21(4), 191–204. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_4_04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_4_04

Baldé, B. S. (2019). Dynamique des petits poissons pélagiques (Sardinella aurita et Ethmalosa fimbriata) au Sénégal dans un contexte de changement climatique: Diagnostic et synthèse bioécologiques Doctoral dissertation, Université Cheikh Anta Diop.

Baldé, B. S., Sow, F. N., Ba, K., Ekau, W., Brehmer, P., Kantoussan, J., Fall, M., & Diouf, M. (2019). Variability of key biological parameters of round sardinella Sardinella aurita and the effects of environmental changes. Journal of Fish Biology, 94(3), 391–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13907 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13903

Barhdadi, W., Daly, A. J., Baetens, J. M., & Baets, B. De. (2024). Environment-dependent population dynamics emerging from dynamic energy budgets and individual-scale movement behaviour. Oikos, 2024(1), e09986. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09986 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09986

Benamar, N. (2019). Some parameters of growth, mortality and exploitation rate of round sardinella, Sardinella aurita Valencienne, 1847 (Pisces Clupeidae), fished in Oran bay (Algeria). Biodiversity Journal, 10(4), 353–358. https://doi.org/10.31396/Biodiv.Jour.2019.10.4.353.358 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31396/Biodiv.Jour.2019.10.4.353.358

Bhattacharya, C. G. (1967). A simple method of resolution of a distribution into Gaussian components. Biometrics, 23(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.2307/2528285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2528285

Björnsson, B., Sólmundsson, J., & Woods, P. J. (2022). Natural mortality in exploited fish stocks: Annual variation estimated with data from trawl surveys. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 79(5), 1569–1582. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac063 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac063

Bouaziz, A. (2007). La sardinelle (Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847) des côtes algériennes: Distribution, biologie et estimation des biomasses Doctoral dissertation, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene. https://www.ccdz.cerist.dz/admin/notice.php?id=00000000000000054447000000

Bouaziz, A., Bennoui, A., Brahmi, B., & Semroud, R. (2001). Sur l'estimation de l'état d'exploitation de la sardinelle (Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847) de la région centre de la côte algérienne. In Metting Commission internationale pour l'exploration scientifique de la mer Méditerranée (Report and minutes No. 36).

Bouaziz, A., & Caddy, J. F. (1998). Impact des taux de mortalité par âge sur la dynamique des populations et le diagnostic des stocks exploités en Méditerranée. Rap. Tech. DYNPOP (CIESM-CIHEAM), Zaragoza (Espagne), 1–11.

Bouaziz, A., Kerzabi, F., & Brahmi, B. (2014). Impact of the natural mortality (M) variability on the evaluation of the exploitable stock of sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Actinopterygii: Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) of the central region of the Algerian coast. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 44(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP2014.44.2.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP2014.44.2.01

Butt, N., Halpern, B. S., O'Hara, C. C., Allcock, A. L., Polidoro, B., Sherman, S., Byrne, M., Birkeland, C., Dwyer, R. G., & Frazier, M. (2022). A trait-based framework for assessing the vulnerability of marine species to human impacts. Ecosphere, 13(2), e3919. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3919 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3919

Campana, S. E., & Jones, C. M. (1992). Analysis of otolith microstructure data. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 117, 73–100.

Casselman, J. M. (1996). Age, growth and environmental requirements of pike. In J. F. Craig (Ed.), Pike: Biology and exploitation (pp. 69–101). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8775-4_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8775-4_4

Correa, G. M., McGilliard, C. R., Ciannelli, L., & Fuentes, C. (2021). Spatial and temporal variability in somatic growth in fisheries stock assessment models: Evaluating the consequences of misspecification. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 78(5), 1900–1908. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab096 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab096

Costello, C., Ovando, D., Clavelle, T., Strauss, C. K., Hilborn, R., Melnychuk, M. C., Branch, T. A., Gaines, S. D., Szuwalski, C. S., & Cabral, R. B. (2016). Global fishery prospects under contrasting management regimes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(18), 5125–5129. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520420113 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520420113

Craig, J. K., Burke, B. J., Crowder, L. B., & Rice, J. A. (2006). Prey growth and size-dependent predation in juvenile estuarine fishes: Experimental and model analyses. Ecology, 87(9), 2366–2377. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)872366:PGASPI2.0.CO;2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2366:PGASPI]2.0.CO;2

Dahel, A. T. (2018). Biologie halieutique et exploitation de deux clupéidés, la sardine Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) et la sardinelle Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) des côtes Est algériennes Doctoral dissertation, Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba.

Dahel, A. T., Tahri, M., & Djebar, A. B. (2024). Analysis of virtual populations of small pelagic fish most caught in Algeria. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, 28(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2024.349723 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2024.349723

David, V., Joachim, S., Tebby, C., Porcher, J.-M., & Beaudouin, R. (2019). Modelling population dynamics in mesocosms using an individual-based model coupled to a bioenergetics model. Ecological Modelling, 398, 10–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.02.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.02.008

Dienye, H., Olopade, O., & Ichendu, C. (2022). Growth, mortality and exploitation rate of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita, Valenciennes, 1847) in the New Calabar River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 5(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1054288 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46384/jmsf.1054288

Djabali, F., Mehailia, A., Koudil, M., & Brahmi, B. (1993). Empirical equations for the estimation of natural mortality in Mediterranean teleosts. Fishbyte, 11(1), 35–37. https://aquadocs.org/handle/1834/25779

Figueira, W. F., Curley, B., & Booth, D. J. (2019). Can temperature-dependent predation rates regulate range expansion potential of tropical vagrant fishes? Marine Biology, 166(6), 73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-019-3521-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-019-3521-5

Fréon, P., Cury, P., Shannon, L., & Roy, C. (2005). Sustainable exploitation of small pelagic fish stocks challenged by environmental and ecosystem changes: A review. Bulletin of Marine Science, 76(2), 385–462.

Froese, R., & Palomares, M. L. D. (2000). Growth, natural mortality, length–weight relationship, maximum length and length-at-first-maturity of the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 58, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007602613607 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007602613607

Fuiman, L. A., & Magurran, A. E. (1994). Development of predator defences in fishes. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 4, 145–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00044127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044127

Gayanilo, F. J., Sparre, P., & Pauly, D. (2005). FAO-ICLARM Outils d'évaluation des stocks II (FiSAT II). Version révisée (FAO Computerized Information Series, Fisheries No. 8). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF2016039406

Gomes, J. D. P., Baldé, B. S., Faye, S., Barry, I., Demarcq, H., & Brehmer, P. (2024). Growth patterns of small pelagic fish in West Africa. Sustainability, 16(22), 9652. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229652 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229652

Gulland, J. A. (1969). Manual of methods for fish stock assessment. Part 1. Fish population analysis (FAO Man. Fish. Sci. Vol. 4). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Handjar, H. (2019). Biologie, écologie et évaluation des stocks de petits pélagiques: Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792), Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847, Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) et Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) Doctoral dissertation, Université Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret.

Hattour, A., Ben Abdallah, L., & Guennegan, Y. (2004). Abondance relative et estimation de la biomasse des petits pélagiques des eaux tunisiennes. INSTM Bulletin: Marine and Freshwater Sciences, 31, 5–16.

Hilborn, R., Buratti, C. C., Díaz Acuña, E., Hively, D., Kolding, J., Kurota, H., Baker, N., Mace, P. M., de Moor, C. L., & Muko, S. (2022). Recent trends in abundance and fishing pressure of agency-assessed small pelagic fish stocks. Fish and Fisheries, 23(6), 1313–1331. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12690 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12690

Jurado-Ruzafa, A., Hernández, E., Duque-Nogal, V., Pascual-Alayón, P. J., Carrasco, M. N., Sancho, A., & Santamaría, M. T. G. (2020). Life history parameters of the round sardinella Sardinella aurita in the Central East Atlantic off north-west Africa. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 100(6), 997–1009. https://doi.org/10.1017/s002531542000079x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531542000079X

Kienzle, M. (2005). Estimation of the population parameters of the Von Bertalanffy Growth Function for the main commercial species of the North Sea. Fisheries Research Services Internal Report, 5(05), 1–48.

Kindsvater, H. K., Juan-Jordá, M., Dulvy, N. K., Horswill, C., Matthiopoulos, J., & Mangel, M. (2024). Size-dependence of food intake and mortality interact with temperature and seasonality to drive diversity in fish life histories. Evolutionary Applications, 17(2), e13646. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13646

Kolliyil, S. M., Thayyil, S. V., Elayaperumal, V., Kuriakose, S., Ganga, U., Saraswathy, P. L., & Rekha, N. J. (2021). Application of biological and fisheries attributes to assess the vulnerability and resilience of tropical marine fish species. PLoS One, 16(8), e0255879. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255879 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255879

Korichi, H. (1988). Contribution à l'étude biologique de deux espèces de saurels Trachurus trachurus (Linné, 1758) et Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) et de la dynamique de Trachurus trachurus (Linné, 1758) en baie de Bou Ismaïl Alger Doctoral dissertation, ISMAL.

Kraskura, K., Hardison, E. A., & Eliason, E. J. (2023). Body size and temperature affect metabolic and cardiac thermal tolerance in fish. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 17900. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44574-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44574-w

Ladaimia, S. (2017). Reproduction, âge et croissance de deux Téléostéens pélagiques des côtes de l'extrême Est algérien (El Kala): l'anchois Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) et la sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) Doctoral dissertation, Université Badji Mokhtar–Annaba.

Le, M.-H., Dinh, K. V., Vo, X. T., & Pham, H. Q. (2022). Direct and delayed synergistic effects of extreme temperature, metals and food limitation on tropical reef-associated fish juveniles. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 278, 108108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108108

Lee, L., Atkinson, D., Hirst, A. G., & Cornell, S. J. (2020). A new framework for growth curve fitting based on the von Bertalanffy Growth Function. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 7953. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64839-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64839-y

Lindmark, M., Anderson, S. C., Gogina, M., & Casini, M. (2023). Evaluating drivers of spatiotemporal variability in individual condition of a bottom-associated marine fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). ICES Journal of Marine Science, 80(5), 1539–1550. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad084 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsad084

Lindmark, M., Karlsson, M., & Gårdmark, A. (2023). Larger but younger fish when growth outpaces mortality in heated ecosystem. eLife, 12, e82996. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82996 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82996

Liu, Y., Zhang, C., Wei, X., Xu, B., Xue, Y., Ren, Y., & Chen, Y. (2023). Coupling dynamic energy budget and population dynamic models to inform stock enhancement in fisheries management. Fish and Fisheries, 24(6), 924–939. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12776 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12776

Martin, B. T., Zimmer, E. I., Grimm, V., & Jager, T. (2012). Dynamic energy budget theory meets individual-based modelling: A generic and accessible implementation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3(2), 445–449. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00168.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00168.x

Mehanna, S. F., & El-Aiatt, A. (2011). Fisheries characteristics and population dynamics of the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1766) from Bardawil lagoon. Proceeding of 4th International Conference on Fisheries and Aquaculture (pp. 1–12). Cairo, Egypt.

Morales-Nin, B., & Panfili, J. (2002). Age estimation. In J. Panfili, H. Troadec, H. de Pontual, & P. J. Wright (Eds.), Manual of fish sclerochronology (pp. 91–98). Ifremer-IRD coedition.

Mustać, B., & Sinovčić, G. (2011). Age and growth pattern of the round sardinella Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847 (Clupeidae) in the eastern central Adriatic Sea. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 52(2), 177–186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01908.x

Mustać, B., & Sinovčić, G. (2012). Inshore versus offshore length distribution of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) in the middle eastern Adriatic Sea. Acta Adriatica, 53(3), 341–351.

Panfili, J., de Pontual, H., Troadec, H., & Wright, P. J. (Eds.). (2002). Manual of fish sclerochronology. Ifremer-IRD coedition.

Parkos III, J. J., & Wahl, D. H. (2010). Influence of body size and prey type on the willingness of age-0 fish to forage under predation risk. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 139(4), 969–975. https://doi.org/10.1577/t09-098.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-098.1

Patti, B., Fiorentino, F., Fortibuoni, T., Somarakis, S., & García-Lafuente, J. (2022). Impacts of environmental variability related to climate change on biological resources in the Mediterranean. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 1059424. https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-83250-739-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1059424

Pauly, D. (1980). On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 39(2), 175–192. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/39.2.175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/39.2.175

Pauly, D., & Munro, J. L. (1984). Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates. Fishbyte, 2(1), 1–21. https://ideas.repec.org/a/wfi/wfbyte/38103.html

Peck, M. A., Alheit, J., Bertrand, A., Catalán, I. A., Garrido, S., Moyano, M., Rykaczewski, R. R., Takasuka, A., & van Der Lingen, C. D. (2021). Small pelagic fish in the new millennium: A bottom-up view of global research effort. Progress in Oceanography, 191, 102494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102494 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102494

Pikitch, E. K., Santora, C., Babcock, E. A., Bakun, A., Bonfil, R., Conover, D. O., Dayton, P., Doukakis, P., Fluharty, D., & Heneman, B. (2004). Ecosystem-based fishery management. Science, 305(5682), 346–347. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1098222 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1098222

Rezende, E. L., & Carter, M. J. (2024). Cumulative heat stress in fluctuating temperatures and implications for the distribution of freshwater fish. Global Change Biology, 30(12), e17623. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17623 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17623

Rolland, J., & Romiguier, J. (2020). Vulnerability to fishing and life history traits correlate with the load of deleterious mutations in teleosts. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 37(8), 2192–2196. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa067

Sabatés, A., Salat, J., Raya, V., Emelianov, M., & Segura-Noguera, M. (2009). Spawning environmental conditions of Sardinella aurita at the northern limit of its distribution range, the western Mediterranean. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 385, 227–236. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08058

Sabu, S. (2024). Introduction to fish proteins. In S. Sabu (Ed.), Fish structural proteins and its derivatives: Functionality and applications (pp. 3–17). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2562-5_1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2562-5_1

Savage, A., McIver, L., & Schubert, L. (2020). The nexus of climate change, food and nutrition security and diet-related non-communicable diseases in Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Climate and Development, 12(2), 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2017.2017-107 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2019.1605284

Shibaev, S. V. (2023). On the question of adequacy of estimation of the natural mortality of fishes by means of von Bertalanffy growth equation. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, 327(3), 490–495. https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.3.490 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.3.490

Sogard, S. M. (1997). Size-selective mortality in the juvenile stage of teleost fishes: A review. Bulletin of Marine Science, 60(3), 1129–1157.

Sparre, P., & Venema, S. C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment. Part 1: Manual (FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 306.1, Rev. 2). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Stearns, S. C. (1998). The evolution of life histories. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577416.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577416.001.0001

Szypuła, J. (1973). Biological characteristic of gilt sardine Sardinella aurita Cuv. et Val., 1847 from North West African coast. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 3(1), 19–37. https://doi.org/10.3750/aip1973.03.1.03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP1973.03.1.03

Tacon, A. G. J., & Metian, M. (2013). Fish matters: Importance of aquatic foods in human nutrition and global food supply. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 21(1), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405

Taylor, C. C. (1958). Cod growth and temperature. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 23(3), 366–370. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/23.3.366 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/23.3.366

Torri, M., Russo, S., Falcini, F., De Luca, B., Colella, S., Volpe, G., Corrado, R., Placenti, F., Giaramita, L., & Musco, M. (2023). Coupling Lagrangian simulation models and remote sensing to explore the environmental effect on larval growth rate: The Mediterranean case study of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) early life stages. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 1065514. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1065514 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1065514

Valenciennes, A. (1847). Catalogue des principales espèces de poissons. Voyage Dans l'Amérique Méridionale, 5(2), 1–11.

Van Poorten, B., Korman, J., & Walters, C. (2018). Revisiting Beverton–Holt recruitment in the presence of variation in food availability. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 28(3), 607–624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-018-9521-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-018-9521-6

Vasconcelos, J., Sanabria-Fernandez, J. A., Tuset, V. M., Sousa, R., Faria, G., & Riera, R. (2024). Rising temperatures, falling fisheries: Causes and consequences of crossing the tipping point in a small-pelagic community. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 34(4), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-024-09885-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-024-09885-9

Vila-Belmonte, M. A. R., Bou, R., Lloret, E., & Lloret, J. (2024). Fatty acid content and profile of round sardinella (Sardinella aurita), an expanding thermophilic species in the NW Mediterranean. Mediterranean Marine Science, 25(2), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.35917 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.35917

Von Bertalanffy, L. (1938). A quantitative theory of organic growth (inquiries on growth laws. II). Human Biology, 10(2), 181–213. https://doi.org/10.1086/401873 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/401873

Zillig, K. W. (2023). Temperature and fish biology: Insights from metabolism. In Reference Module in Life Sciences. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00175-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90801-6.00175-0

More

Age-Dependent Parameters of the Von Bertalanffy (1938) Growth Model: A Case Study of Sardinella aurita (Valenciennes, 1847) along the Central Algerian Coast (Southeastern Mediterranean Sea)

Keywords

How to Cite

Similar Articles

Downloads 1

Views 246

Country (Top 10)

Make a Submission

Journal Issue

Keywords

Browse by Category

Information

Highly Accessed

Published by

Useful Links

Connect

Contact Us